FOFO 8 años Problema 2
Problemas que aparecen en el Archivo de Enunciados.
Este problema en el Archivo de Enunciados:
• Archivo de Enunciados • Competencias de OMAForos • FOFO • Aniversario 2018FOFO 8 años Problema 2
Mensaje sin leer por Johanna »
Chino quiere colorear cada una de las casillas de un tablero de $1\times 100$ de celeste o blanco de forma tal que no haya $3$ casillas consecutivas del mismo color.
$(a)$ Hallar la máxima cantidad de casillas celestes que puede tener el tablero.
$(b)$ ¿De cuántas formas puede Chino colorear el tablero con la cantidad de casillas celestes hallada en $(a)$?
$(a)$ Hallar la máxima cantidad de casillas celestes que puede tener el tablero.
$(b)$ ¿De cuántas formas puede Chino colorear el tablero con la cantidad de casillas celestes hallada en $(a)$?
-
enigma1234
- Mensajes: 211
- Registrado: Sab 03 Jun, 2017 8:07 pm
- Medallas: 5
- Nivel: Exolímpico
Re: FOFO 8 años Problema 2
Mensaje sin leer por enigma1234 »
- Spoiler: mostrar
-
Veamos que pasa en un tablero de $1×(3k+1) $,separamos las $3k $ primeras casillas de la izquierda en $k $ triminos en donde por la condición hay como máximo 2 celestes y con la casilla más a la derecha tenemos que hay máximo $2k+1$ casillas celestes,y un ejemplo es C C B C C B...C C B C.
Ahora sea $a_k $ el número de maneras de tener $2k+1$ celestes en un tablero de $1×(3k+1) $.
Etiquetado los números de izquierda a derecha con $1,2,3,..,3k+1$,para las casillas $3l+1$ tiene una cantidad múltiplo de 3 en la derecha y en la izquierda,entonces los podemos separar en $k$ triminos donde hay máximo $2k $ celestes,como hay $2k+1$ celestes $\to $ $3l+1$ es celeste y entre las casillas $3l-1,3l $ hay 1 celeste y un blanco.
Caso 1 :2 es blanco y 3 es celeste
Cómo 4 es celeste $\to$ 5 debe ser blanco y 6 debe ser celeste y así hasta llegar al final entonces solo hay una posibilidad.
Caso 2 :2 es celeste y 3 es blanco
Entonces en el tablero de $1×(3k-2)$ más a la derecha es como si fuera el caso para $k-1$ dado que 3 es blanco y no afecta a 5 y 6 $\to $ hay $a_{k-1} $ casos.
$\to a_k= a_{k-1} +1$ y dado que para $k=1$ solo hay 2 casos ( C C B C;C B C C) tendremos que $a_k=k+1$
Entonces en el tablero de 1×100 tendremos que máximo pueden haber 67 celestes y esto puede pasar de 34 maneras.
Re: FOFO 8 años Problema 2
Mensaje sin leer por Peznerd »
No entiendo por qué decís que puede pasar de 34 maneras. Yo sólo encuentro 3: $A$ (si empieza con celeste, celeste, blanco), $B$ (si empieza con celeste, blanco, celeste) y $C$ (si empieza con blanco, celeste, celeste). En los cuales el patrón de que después una casilla blanca hay dos celestes se repite hasta el final. De cualquier otra forma, habrían menos que 67 casillas celestes! ¿O no?enigma1234 escribió: ↑Mar 16 Oct, 2018 3:20 am
- Spoiler: mostrar
- Veamos que pasa en un tablero de <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-24-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... 7;</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>k</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-157" style="width: 6.591em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.238em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.472em, 1005.14em, 2.948em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-158"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-159" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-160" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">×</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-161" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">(</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-162" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">3</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-163" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-164" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-165" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-166" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">)</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.415em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.46em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... >×</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>k</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-24">1×(3k+1) </script>,separamos las <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-25-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mi></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-167" style="width: 1.353em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.032em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1001.01em, 2.72em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-168"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-169" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">3</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-170" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.128em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.102em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-25">3k </script> primeras casillas de la izquierda en <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-26-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mi></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-171" style="width: 0.718em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.556em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1000.54em, 2.709em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-172"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-173" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.114em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.088em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-26">k </script> triminos en donde por la condición hay como máximo 2 celestes y con la casilla más a la derecha tenemos que hay máximo <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-27-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mn></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-174" style="width: 3.496em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.778em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1002.71em, 2.78em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-175"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-176" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-177" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-178" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-179" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.203em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.178em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-27">2k+1</script> casillas celestes,y un ejemplo es C C B C C B...C C B C.
Ahora sea <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-28-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... sub></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-180" style="width: 1.194em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.952em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.622em, 1000.95em, 2.697em, -1000em); top: -2.302em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-181"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-182"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.972em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.289em, 1000.51em, 4.216em, -1000em); top: -3.968em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-183" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">a</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.968em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.818em; left: 0.529em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-184" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.968em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.302em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.299em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.954em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><ms ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-28">a_k </script> el número de maneras de tener <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-29-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mn></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-185" style="width: 3.496em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.778em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1002.71em, 2.78em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-186"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-187" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-188" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-189" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-190" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.203em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.178em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-29">2k+1</script> celestes en un tablero de <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-30-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... 7;</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>k</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-191" style="width: 6.591em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.238em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.472em, 1005.14em, 2.948em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-192"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-193" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-194" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">×</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-195" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">(</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-196" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">3</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-197" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-198" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-199" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-200" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">)</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.415em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.46em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... >×</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>k</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-30">1×(3k+1) </script>.
Etiquetado los números de izquierda a derecha con <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-31-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mn></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-201" style="width: 8.734em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 6.905em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1006.83em, 2.892em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-202"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-203" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-204" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-205" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.167em;">2</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-206" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-207" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.167em;">3</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-208" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-209" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.167em;">.</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-210" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.167em;">.</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-211" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.167em;">,</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-212" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.167em;">3</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-213" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-214" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-215" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.344em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.319em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-31">1,2,3,..,3k+1</script>,para las casillas <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-32-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mn></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-216" style="width: 3.258em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.54em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1002.47em, 2.78em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-217"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-218" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">3</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-219" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">l</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-220" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-221" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.203em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.178em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-32">3l+1</script> tiene una cantidad múltiplo de 3 en la derecha y en la izquierda,entonces los podemos separar en <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-33-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mi></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-222" style="width: 0.718em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.556em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1000.54em, 2.709em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-223"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-224" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.114em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.088em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-33">k</script> triminos donde hay máximo <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-34-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mi></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-225" style="width: 1.353em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.032em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1001.01em, 2.709em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-226"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-227" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-228" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.114em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.088em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-34">2k </script> celestes,como hay <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-35-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mn></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-229" style="width: 3.496em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.778em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1002.71em, 2.78em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-230"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-231" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-232" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-233" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-234" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.203em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.178em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-35">2k+1</script> celestes <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-36-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">→</mo></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-235" style="width: 1.353em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.032em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.552em, 1000.98em, 2.551em, -1000em); top: -2.302em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-236"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-237" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">→</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.302em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.114em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.858em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">→</mo></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-36">\to </script> <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-37-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mn></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-238" style="width: 3.258em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.54em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1002.47em, 2.78em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-239"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-240" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">3</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-241" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">l</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-242" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-243" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.203em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.178em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-37">3l+1</script> es celeste y entre las casillas <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-38-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mi></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-244" style="width: 4.766em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 3.73em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1003.7em, 2.892em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-245"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-246" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">3</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-247" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">l</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-248" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">−</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-249" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-250" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-251" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.167em;">3</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-252" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">l</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.344em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.319em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-38">3l-1,3l </script> hay 1 celeste y un blanco.
Caso 1 :2 es blanco y 3 es celeste
Cómo 4 es celeste <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-39-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">→</mo></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-253" style="width: 1.353em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.032em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.552em, 1000.98em, 2.551em, -1000em); top: -2.302em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-254"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-255" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">→</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.302em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.114em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.858em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">→</mo></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-39">\to</script> 5 debe ser blanco y 6 debe ser celeste y así hasta llegar al final entonces solo hay una posibilidad.
Caso 2 :2 es celeste y 3 es blanco
Entonces en el tablero de <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-40-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... 7;</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-256" style="width: 6.591em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.238em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.472em, 1005.14em, 2.948em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-257"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-258" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-259" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">×</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-260" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">(</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-261" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">3</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-262" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-263" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">−</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-264" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">2</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-265" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">)</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.415em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.46em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn ... >×</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-40">1×(3k-2)</script> más a la derecha es como si fuera el caso para <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-41-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mn></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-266" style="width: 2.861em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.222em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1002.15em, 2.78em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-267"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-268" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-269" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">−</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-270" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.203em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.178em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-41">k-1</script> dado que 3 es blanco y no afecta a 5 y 6 <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-42-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">→</mo></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-271" style="width: 1.353em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.032em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.552em, 1000.98em, 2.551em, -1000em); top: -2.302em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-272"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-273" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">→</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.302em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.114em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.858em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">→</mo></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-42">\to </script> hay <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-43-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... </mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-274" style="width: 2.464em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.905em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.622em, 1001.91em, 2.748em, -1000em); top: -2.302em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-275"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-276"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.876em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.289em, 1000.51em, 4.216em, -1000em); top: -3.968em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-277" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">a</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.968em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.818em; left: 0.529em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-278"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-279"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-280" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-281" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">−</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-282" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.968em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.302em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.362em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.018em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><ms ... </mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-43">a_{k-1} </script> casos.
<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-44-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-283" style="width: 9.052em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 7.143em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.397em, 1007.07em, 2.748em, -1000em); top: -2.302em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-284"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-285" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">→</span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-286" style="padding-left: 0.278em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.972em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.289em, 1000.51em, 4.216em, -1000em); top: -3.968em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-287" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">a</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.968em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.818em; left: 0.529em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-288" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.968em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-289" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.278em;">=</span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-290" style="padding-left: 0.278em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.876em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.289em, 1000.51em, 4.216em, -1000em); top: -3.968em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-291" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">a</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.968em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.818em; left: 0.529em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-292"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-293"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-294" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-295" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">−</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-296" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.968em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-297" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-298" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.302em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.362em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.301em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-44">\to a_k= a_{k-1} +1</script> y dado que para <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-45-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mn></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-299" style="width: 3.02em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.381em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1002.31em, 2.709em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-300"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-301" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-302" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.278em;">=</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-303" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.278em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.114em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.088em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-45">k=1</script> solo hay 2 casos ( C C B C;C B C C) tendremos que <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit; display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-46-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ... /mn></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-304" style="width: 5.718em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 4.524em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.528em, 1004.45em, 2.856em, -1000em); top: -2.46em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-305"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-306"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.972em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.289em, 1000.51em, 4.216em, -1000em); top: -3.968em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-307" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">a</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.968em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.818em; left: 0.529em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-308" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic;">k</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.968em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-309" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.278em;">=</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-310" style="font-family: MathJax_Math; font-style: italic; padding-left: 0.278em;">k</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-311" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-312" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.222em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.46em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.299em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.273em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><ms ... an><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-46">a_k=k+1</script>
Entonces en el tablero de 1×100 tendremos que máximo pueden haber 67 celestes y esto puede pasar de 34 maneras.
Un día vi una vaca sin cola vestida de uniforme
$$\int u \, dv=uv-\int v \, du\!$$
$$\int u \, dv=uv-\int v \, du\!$$
-
Gianni De Rico
- Mensajes: 2222
- Registrado: Vie 16 Sep, 2016 6:58 pm
- Medallas: 19
- Nivel: Exolímpico
- Ubicación: Rosario
- Contactar:
Re: FOFO 8 años Problema 2
Mensaje sin leer por Gianni De Rico »
- Spoiler: mostrar
- Bueno, esas son $3$ maneras de empezar, pero ¿No podrías tener un bloque $A$ y después un boque $B$? (O sea, que empiece "celeste, celeste, blanco, celeste, blanco, celeste")
♪♫ do re mi función lineal ♪♫
Volver a “Problemas Archivados de Combinatoria”
Ir a
- Oma Foros
- ↳ General
- ↳ Presentaciones
- ↳ Dudas Básicas
- ↳ Problemas
- ↳ Algebra
- ↳ Problemas Archivados de Álgebra
- ↳ Combinatoria
- ↳ Problemas Archivados de Combinatoria
- ↳ Geometría
- ↳ Problemas Archivados de Geometría
- ↳ Teoría de Numeros
- ↳ Problemas Archivados de Teoría de Números
- ↳ OMAlbum
- ↳ Teoría
- ↳ Algebra
- ↳ Combinatoria
- ↳ Geometría
- ↳ Teoría de Numeros
- ↳ Ñandú
- ↳ Nivel 1
- ↳ Problemas Archivados de Primer Nivel Ñandú
- ↳ Nivel 2
- ↳ Problemas Archivados de Segundo Nivel Ñandú
- ↳ Nivel 3
- ↳ Problemas Archivados de Tercer Nivel Ñandú
- ↳ Archivo de Enunciados
- ↳ Nivel 4
- ↳ Problemas Archivados de Nivel 4
- ↳ Archivo de Enunciados